Infrastructure Briefing — Ethereum Completes Proof-of-Stake Merge
On 15 September 2022 the Ethereum mainnet merged with the Beacon Chain, transitioning the network to proof-of-stake consensus and reducing energy consumption by an estimated 99%.
Ethereum finalized its long-planned Merge on 15 September 2022, swapping proof-of-work mining for the Beacon Chain’s proof-of-stake validators. The upgrade reduced block finalization energy costs dramatically, set the foundation for future scaling improvements like sharding, and altered network security assumptions for applications and infrastructure operators.
Protocol changes introduced new validator participation economics and slashing risks, while deprecating miner extractable value practices tied to proof-of-work. Teams running Ethereum-dependent services should reassess uptime, client diversity, validator custody, and chain reorg monitoring under the new consensus model.
- Ethereum Foundation announcement provides technical details and energy impact estimates.
- Ethereum Merge documentation summarizes architecture changes, validator requirements, and post-merge roadmap items.
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