EPA Finalizes First National Drinking Water Standards for PFAS

Executive briefing: On April 10, 2024 the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency finalized national primary drinking water regulations for six per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Public water systems must monitor for PFOS, PFOA, PFHxS, PFNA, HFPO-DA (GenX), and PFBS, install treatment when levels exceed maximum contaminant levels (MCLs), and notify customers within 30 days of violations.

Key compliance signals

MCLs. EPA set 4 parts per trillion (ppt) enforceable MCLs for PFOA and PFOS and hazard index-based limits for mixtures of the remaining PFAS.
Timelines. Water systems must complete initial monitoring by 2027 and meet treatment requirements by 2029.
Funding. EPA highlighted $9 billion in Bipartisan Infrastructure Law funding to support compliance.

Control alignment

Water risk management. Facilities reliant on public water suppliers should incorporate PFAS compliance into business continuity and health programs.
Sampling programs. Industrial sites with private water systems must align sampling and treatment plans with EPA thresholds.
Stakeholder communication. Update emergency notification processes to integrate PFAS violation alerts.

Action checklist

Engage with local water utilities to understand monitoring schedules and planned treatment upgrades.
Assess onsite water treatment infrastructure for PFAS removal capabilities.
Document PFAS compliance metrics in environmental management systems and ESG reports.

Sources

Zeph Tech aligns facility water compliance programs with EPA’s PFAS monitoring, treatment, and notification requirements.