1. Establish the baseline
Choose the current CIS benchmark, Microsoft baseline/recommendations, CISA SCuBA baseline, or a documented combination. Record versions and scope.
If you want automated Microsoft 365 configuration hardening, CIS benchmark scanning, remediation, and low-noise prioritization, the important finding is that no single first-party tool cleanly does all four jobs. Microsoft Baseline Security Mode and Secure Score are strongest for Microsoft-native posture and change workflows; CIS-CAT Pro is purpose-built for CIS benchmark conformance assessment; CISA ScubaGear assesses Microsoft 365 against CISA's SCuBA secure-configuration baselines.
For a mid-market enterprise, a practical pattern is to combine an independent benchmark assessment with Microsoft-native impact-aware remediation rather than buying or building a single opaque “autofix everything” workflow.
If exact CIS conformance is the requirement: use the current CIS Microsoft 365 Foundations Benchmark as the authoritative control set and CIS-CAT Pro where licensed for automated conformance scanning.
If safe configuration rollout is the requirement: use Microsoft 365 Baseline Security Mode, Secure Score/recommendations, Entra and workload-specific policy controls to understand impact and apply approved changes.
If you want a free independent baseline check: use CISA ScubaGear to assess the tenant against CISA's SCuBA secure-configuration baselines.
If “autofix everything” is the requirement: change the requirement. Microsoft 365 configuration is full of identity, application, mail-flow, collaboration, device, licensing, legacy-workflow, and business dependencies. A tool that changes every failing check without staged impact analysis can create outages while producing a prettier score.
| Tool / capability | Best at | CIS-specific? | Applies changes? | Noise / impact context |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft 365 Baseline Security Mode | Microsoft-native secure configuration with per-setting impact reports and staged enablement. | No; Microsoft baseline, not the CIS benchmark. | Yes, for supported baseline settings. | Strong for supported settings because impact reports expose dependencies before enablement. |
| Microsoft Secure Score / recommendations | Prioritized Microsoft security recommendations across supported Microsoft 365/security products. | No. | Partly: routes admins into relevant management experiences; not universal one-click remediation. | Ranks actions using points, difficulty, user impact, and complexity; supports planned/risk-accepted/alternate-mitigation states. |
| CIS-CAT Pro | Automated assessment against the CIS Microsoft 365 Foundations Benchmark. | Yes. | Primarily assessment; remediation should be governed separately. | Good for benchmark evidence; applicability/exceptions still need organizational context. |
| CISA ScubaGear | Free/open assessment against CISA SCuBA Microsoft 365 baselines. | No; CISA SCuBA baseline. | No general-purpose auto-remediation role. | Useful as an independent configuration check; findings still require prioritization and implementation decisions. |
| Intune / Entra / workload policy controls | Enforcing approved device, identity, application, Exchange, Teams, SharePoint, and other configuration changes. | No by themselves. | Yes, within supported control planes. | Best when changes are staged through pilot groups, policy targeting, change records, and rollback plans. |
Microsoft's Baseline Security Mode exposes security settings across Microsoft 365 Apps, SharePoint/OneDrive, Teams, Exchange Online, and Entra. Microsoft recommends running impact reports before enabling each supported setting, turning on settings with zero impact, and resolving critical dependencies before making disruptive changes permanent.
That makes it valuable for reducing “autofix” risk: instead of changing every setting because a benchmark says it should be hardened, administrators can see where a setting is likely to affect current use and phase deployment accordingly.
Secure Score is complementary. It provides recommended actions, status tracking, and prioritization based on remaining points, implementation difficulty, user impact, and complexity. It can take administrators to configuration experiences, but it is not a substitute for an exact CIS benchmark assessment and does not cover every possible attack surface.
CIS publishes the Microsoft 365 Foundations Benchmark as secure configuration guidance developed through its consensus process. CIS currently lists Microsoft 365 Foundations version 7.0.0 and identifies CIS-CAT Pro as the scanning option for assessing conformance to that benchmark.
Use the benchmark version as part of the evidence record. A result that says “92% CIS compliant” without the benchmark version, profile, scope, exceptions, and scan date is difficult to reproduce and will age poorly as Microsoft features and CIS recommendations change.
Do not assume every CIS recommendation applies unchanged to every tenant. Record technical or business exceptions, compensating controls, licensing constraints, phased migrations, and the date on which an exception must be reconsidered.
CISA's ScubaGear project describes itself as automation that assesses a Microsoft 365 tenant against CISA Secure Cloud Business Applications secure-configuration baselines. Because the project is open and its baseline logic is inspectable, it can be useful as an independent check alongside Microsoft-native posture tooling.
Its role should be kept clear: assessment evidence is not the same thing as safe automated remediation. Feed findings into your configuration-change process, confirm applicability, pilot the change, observe impact, and verify the control after rollout.
Choose the current CIS benchmark, Microsoft baseline/recommendations, CISA SCuBA baseline, or a documented combination. Record versions and scope.
Run the appropriate scanner or posture assessment. Preserve raw findings and normalize them into one work queue instead of managing four dashboards independently.
Classify findings by exploitability/exposure, privilege, affected population, business dependency, user impact, implementation complexity, licensing, and whether the control is already satisfied another way.
Use Microsoft-native policy/configuration controls and pilot groups where available. Run impact reports, test representative workflows, record change/rollback steps, and confirm emergency access.
Re-run the benchmark/assessment after change. A successful policy deployment is not proof that the intended tenant state was achieved everywhere.
Time-bound accepted risk, record compensating controls, detect configuration drift, and re-test after licensing, tenant, Microsoft service, or benchmark changes.
Deduplicate findings from CIS, CISA, Secure Score, Entra recommendations, Defender, and manual reviews into a single control record. Map multiple findings to one underlying issue when they are detecting the same missing configuration.
Add fields for affected users/workloads, exposure, privilege, known attack path, required license, business dependency, user impact, implementation complexity, exception state, compensating control, owner, deadline, and last verification. That turns dozens of overlapping “red” findings into a smaller number of owned decisions.
Use suppression only when it is explainable and reviewable. “Not applicable,” “risk accepted,” “resolved through alternate mitigation,” and “planned after dependency removal” are materially different states and should not be collapsed into one ignored bucket.
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